Membrane structure landscape The design of the structure mainly includes four major issues: figure design, initial balance shape analysis, load analysis, and cutting analysis. Determine the plane shape, size, 3D shape and clearance volume of the building through figure design, determine the coordinates and structural form of each control point, and select membrane materials and construction scheme.
The design of membrane structure facilities mainly includes four major issues: shape design, initial equilibrium shape analysis, load analysis, and cutting analysis. Determine the plane shape, size, 3D shape and clearance volume of the building through figure design, determine the coordinates and structural form of each control point, and select membrane materials and construction scheme. Initial equilibrium shape analysis is called form finding analysis. Since the membrane material itself has no compression and bending stiffness, and the main shear strength is very poor, its stiffness and stability need to be improved by the curvature change of the membrane surface and the prestress in it. For the membrane structure, there is no stress free state at any time, so the shape of the membrane surface must meet the mechanical balance under certain boundary conditions and certain prestress conditions, Based on this, load analysis and clipping analysis are carried out. The main form finding methods of membrane structures include dynamic relaxation method, force density method and finite element method. The loads considered for membrane structures are generally wind load and snow load. The deformation of membrane material under load is large, and the load distribution is changing with the change of shape, so the deformation and stress of the structure should be accurately calculated by geometric nonlinear method.
The tensioned membrane structure is supported by columns and steel frames or tensioned by steel cables. It is composed of membrane materials, steel cables and pillars. Tension is introduced into the membrane materials by steel cables and pillars to achieve stability. In addition to practical, creative and beautiful shapes, it is also a structural form that can show the spirit of membrane structure Large span space also adopts the form of steel cable net composed of steel cables and compressed materials to support the upper membrane materials. The construction cost is slightly higher than that of skeleton membrane structure due to high construction precision requirements, strong structural performance and rich expressiveness.
The inflatable membrane structure is to fix the membrane material around the roof structure, and use the air supply system to raise the indoor air pressure to a certain pressure, so that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the roof can be generated to resist external forces. Because the air pressure is used to support, and the steel cables are used as auxiliary materials, without any beam or column support, it can get more space, and the construction is fast and the economic benefits are high, However, it is necessary to maintain 24-hour operation of the forced draft fan, and the cost of continuous operation and machine maintenance is high.
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