Membrane structure landscape What points need attention in design? The membrane structure landscape design mainly includes four main problems: shape design, initial balance shape analysis, load analysis and cutting analysis. Through shape design, determine the plane shape size, 3D shape, clearance volume of the building, and determine the coordinates of control points, structural form, membrane selection and construction scheme.
What is the initial equilibrium shape analysis is simply called shape finding analysis. Form finding analysis produces 3D undevelopable space surface. In the whole membrane structure engineering, how to cut and stretch two-dimensional materials to form the required three-dimensional space surface is a key issue, which is the main content of cutting analysis. Because the membrane material itself has no compression stiffness and bending stiffness, and the shear strength is very poor, it is necessary to improve the stiffness and stability of the membrane material through the curvature change of the membrane surface and the prestress of the membrane surface.
And take this as the benchmark. Load analysis and cutting analysis are carried out. At present, dynamic relaxation method, force density method and finite element method are the main methods for form finding analysis of membrane structures. The loads considered in membrane structures are usually wind load and snow load. The membrane material deforms greatly under load, and the load distribution changes with the shape. Therefore, the geometric nonlinear method is used to accurately calculate the deformation and stress of the structure.
Load analysis is a mechanical analysis method, which is based on the fatigue design method. According to the different research objects, the fatigue loads imposed on the objects are also different, so the application should be analyzed according to some statistical analysis method and theory. Another purpose of load analysis is to determine the initial preload of cables and membranes. Under the action of external load, the stress in one direction increases and the stress in the other direction decreases, which requires that under the adverse load, the initial tensile stress does not decrease to zero, that is, no wrinkles occur. Because the membrane material is relatively soft and its natural frequency is very low, it is easy to generate wind vibration under the wind load, resulting in the destruction of the membrane material. When the initial prestress is too large, the coating of the membrane material increases, the membrane material is easy to age, the strength reserve is small, and the strength requirements of the stressed members are also high, increasing the difficulty of construction and installation. Therefore, the initial prestress shall be determined by load calculation.
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